Electron Transport Chain - ATP Synthase, Chemiosmosis, & Oxidative Phosphorylation
The Organic Chemistry Tutor・2 minutes read
The process of electron transport chain involves the transfer of electrons from NADH and FADH2 through various protein complexes to produce ATP by chemiosmosis, with NADH yielding three ATP molecules and FADH2 producing two ATP molecules. Protons are pumped across the mitochondrial membrane, creating a positive charge in the intermembrane space that drives ATP synthesis through ATP synthase.
Insights
- NADH and FADH2 play crucial roles in the electron transport chain, ultimately leading to the production of ATP through a series of complex reactions involving various protein complexes and mobile electron carriers.
- The electron transport chain involves the sequential transfer of electrons from NADH and FADH2 through multiple protein complexes, leading to the generation of a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis via chemiosmosis, highlighting the intricate process by which cellular energy is produced in mitochondria.
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Recent questions
What is the role of NADH in cellular respiration?
NADH generated in the Krebs cycle and glycolysis donates hydrogen and electrons at complex one, NADH dehydrogenase, initiating the electron transport chain.
How do electrons move through the electron transport chain?
Electrons from NADH travel to ubiquinone, then to complex three, cytochrome reductase, and finally to complex four, cytochrome oxidase, where they combine with oxygen to form water.
What is the function of cytochrome c in cellular respiration?
Cytochrome c acts as a mobile electron carrier, transferring electrons from complex three to complex four in the electron transport chain.
How is ATP produced in cellular respiration?
Protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space, creating a positive charge. Protons flow back through ATP synthase, driving the production of ATP in a process called chemiosmosis.
What is the difference in ATP production between NADH and FADH2?
NADH yields three ATP molecules, while FADH2 produces two ATP molecules when oxidized in the electron transport chain.