Drainage | New One Shot | Geography Class 9 2024-25

Digraj Singh Rajput・2 minutes read

The Geography live session covers the completion of the Drainage chapter, explaining concepts like drainage basins and water divides. It details the different river systems in India, including the Himalayan and Peninsular rivers, their origins, tributaries, and implications on the economy and environment.

Insights

  • Completing the Geography chapter on Drainage covers half of the syllabus for class ninth, with a total of 20 chapters in the syllabus and 10 already completed in the current session.
  • The text extensively explains the Himalayan Reverse System, highlighting the perennial nature of rivers originating from the Himalayas, their energetic flow, and the significant material they carry, contrasting them with the Peninsular rivers that flow mainly in the rainy season with shallow courses.
  • The chapter delves into the physiographic features of rivers, including the formation of meanders, deltas, and oxbow lakes, while also discussing the differences between deltas and estuaries, emphasizing the importance of river pollution control for sustainable development amidst urbanization and industrialization.

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Recent questions

  • What is the largest drainage basin in the world?

    Amazon River

  • What are the two major groups of the Indian River System?

    Himalayan Reverse and Peninsula River

  • Where does the Brahmaputra River originate?

    Tibet

  • What is the significance of the Narmada River in India?

    Rift valley formation

  • How does urbanization impact river ecosystems?

    Pollution and water quality degradation

Related videos

Summary

00:00

Geography Drainage Chapter Completion Session Summary

  • The live session series is welcoming everyone, focusing on the completion of the Geography chapter on Drainage.
  • The chapter is named Drainage and will be completed in the upcoming hour.
  • Completing this chapter will cover half of the syllabus for class ninth.
  • The total number of chapters in the syllabus is 20, with 10 chapters being completed in the current session.
  • The concept of drainage basin is explained, detailing how water collects and drains off in a common outlet.
  • The term Water Divide is introduced, referring to an elevated area separating drainage basins.
  • The world's largest drainage basin is the Amazon River, while India's largest basin is the Ganga River.
  • The Indian Reverse System is divided into two major groups: Himalayan Reverse and Peninsula River.
  • The Himalayan Reverse System originates from the Himalayas, creating large basins and catchment areas.
  • The rivers in the Himalayan Reverse System are perennial, ensuring a continuous water supply throughout the year.

14:49

Himalayan Rivers: Source of Water and Energy

  • Glaciers in the Himalayas melt throughout the year, providing a perennial source of water.
  • The flow of air in the Himalayas is considered youthful and energetic.
  • Rivers originating from the Himalayas are fast and have a significant flow.
  • The Himalayan rivers carry a lot of material with them as they descend into the plains.
  • Meanders are formed in rivers when they twist and turn, creating big deltas.
  • The Peninsular rivers do not have a large basin and are not as monstrous as the Himalayan rivers.
  • The Peninsular rivers flow mostly in the rainy season and have a shallow course.
  • Central Highlands rivers originate in the South West and flow towards the West.
  • The Central Highlands rivers have a small catchment area and flow in a straight course.
  • Deltas are formed in the lower course of rivers, where the river splits into multiple channels due to sediment accumulation.

27:42

Rivers and Tributaries: Features and Systems

  • The chapter discusses physiographic features of rivers, including oxbow lakes and tributaries.
  • It explains the concept of perennial rivers and their water sources.
  • The text differentiates between deltas and estuaries, using the Mahanadi River as an example.
  • It details the Indus River system, starting from Tibet and flowing through Pakistan.
  • The Indus Water Treaty of 1960 is mentioned, limiting India's water usage to 20%.
  • The Ganga River system is described, with the confluence of Alaknanda and Bhagirathi forming the Ganges at Devprayag.
  • Tributaries like Ghagar, Gandak, and Kosi join the Ganges in the Himalayan reverse system.
  • The Ganges and Yamuna meet at Prayagraj, with tributaries like Chambal and Betwa joining from the Peninsula Plate.
  • The Brahmaputra River originates in Tibet, flowing through India and joining the Ganges in Bangladesh.
  • The text concludes with the formation of the Sundarban Delta, created by the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers in Bangladesh.

40:52

Brahmaputra River: From Tibet to Assam

  • The river journey starts in the Himalayan Tibet region and gradually flows through Tibet, Arunachal, and Assam.
  • The Lohit River joins the Brahmaputra in Assam, forming a massive river.
  • In Bangladesh, the river is known as Jamuna, and it divides into multiple channels.
  • The Brahmaputra originates near the Indus River and flows parallel to the Himalayas.
  • After reaching Namcha Barwa, the river takes a U-turn into India, forming the Dihang River.
  • The Dihang River merges with the Dibang and Lohit Rivers in India, forming the Brahmaputra.
  • The Brahmaputra flows through Assam, creating a unique riverine island called Majuli.
  • The river's high water volume leads to the formation of a braided channel in Assam.
  • The Narmada River originates in the Amarkantak Hills and flows through Madhya Pradesh.
  • The Narmada River passes through the Vindhya and Satpura mountain ranges, creating a rift valley.

54:49

Rivers of Western Ghats: A Overview

  • The Western Ghats are located in the west, with many rivers flowing in the region.
  • The Godavari River originates in the Nashik district of Maharashtra, flowing through Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana.
  • Tributaries like Purna, Vardha, Pranitha, and Manjira join the Godavari River.
  • The Godavari River is the largest Peninsula River, with a length of about 1500 km.
  • The Mahanadi River originates in the Amarkantak Plateau in Chhattisgarh, flowing through Odisha into the Bay of Bengal.
  • Tributaries of the Mahanadi River include the Purna, Vardha, Pranitha, Manjira, Banganga, and Fan Ganga.
  • The Krishna River originates near Mahabaleshwar Hills in Maharashtra and flows through Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Maharashtra.
  • Tributaries of the Krishna River include the Bhima, Ghataprabha, and Tungabhadra rivers.
  • The Kaveri River flows through Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Karnataka, originating in the Brahmagiri Range of Karnataka.
  • Tributaries of the Kaveri River include the Amravati, Bhavani, Hemvati, and Kavini rivers.

01:08:09

England's Drainage Legs: Landscape, Formation, Pollution

  • England Drainage Legs are a crucial part of the landscape, with mountains and houses being built based on the slope of the land. Water from the city flows into the mattress, causing sediment deposition, leading to the formation of inlets that guide water flow and drainage.
  • Different types of legs, such as Lux and Dees, play a significant role in drainage formation, with a focus on D formation. Understanding the reverse system of legs is essential for irrigation, navigation, and hydro power generation, impacting the economy and transportation.
  • River banks have historically attracted settlements and travelers, playing a vital role in ancient civilizations. However, urbanization and industrialization have led to pollution in rivers, affecting water quality and consumption, necessitating a focus on river pollution control for sustainable development.
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