Could Your Dopplegänger Actually Be Related to You?

SciShow2 minutes read

The Scishow Quiz Show featured guests Joe Hansen and Hank Green competing for Patreon patrons with a chance to win prizes like autograph cards and a trip to Hawaii, discussing topics like animal mimicry and twin studies. A rare case of semi-identical twins born from one egg fertilized by two sperm cells in 2019 revealed unique genetic makeup, with the twins sharing 100% of their mother's DNA and 78% of their father's due to the rare fertilization event.

Insights

  • Animals like the Cenarius Mourner bird and the Mimic Octopus showcase fascinating mimicry abilities for survival and adaptation in their environments.
  • The discovery of semi-identical twins born from a rare fertilization event involving one egg and two sperm cells challenges traditional notions of genetic inheritance, with implications for medical understanding and genetic diversity.

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Recent questions

  • What is the Scishow Quiz Show about?

    It is a game show sponsored by Battle for Cattle.

  • Who are the contestants on the Scishow Quiz Show?

    Joe Hansen and Hank Green.

  • What is the episode theme of the Scishow Quiz Show?

    Mimics, twins, and doppelgangers.

  • What is the rare occurrence reported in 2019 regarding twins?

    Semi-identical twins born from one egg fertilized by two sperm cells.

  • What did NASA's twin study focus on?

    Monitoring genetic, immune, and physiological changes.

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Summary

00:00

"SciShow Quiz Show: Mimics and Twins"

  • Scishow Quiz Show sponsored by Battle for Cattle, a synthetic vaccine game
  • Hosted by Michael Aranda with guest Joe Hansen from Hot Mess and It's Okay to be Smart
  • Contestants: Joe Hansen vs. Hank Green, playing for Patreon patrons
  • Each starts with 1,000 Scishow points, win or lose points based on correct answers
  • Prizes include autograph cards, Scishow pins, and a trip to Hawaii
  • Episode theme: Mimics, twins, and doppelgangers
  • Mimicry in animals, like the Cenarius Mourner bird mimicking toxic caterpillars
  • The Mimic Octopus imitates various creatures, including a fish for camouflage
  • NASA's twin study on Scott and Mark Kelly, monitoring genetic, immune, and physiological changes
  • King Gustav III's twin study to discredit coffee's health effects
  • Unusual semi-identical twins born from one egg fertilized by two sperm cells, a rare occurrence reported in 2019.

15:35

Rare semi-identical twins share unique genetics.

  • Genetic tests revealed that two children initially thought to be male and female actually had a mix of xx and xy cells throughout their bodies.
  • The children inherited a single set of genes from their mother but received two different sets from their father.
  • These semi-identical twins shared 100% of their mother's DNA and 78% of their father's due to a rare fertilization event where two sperm cells fertilized a single egg cell.
  • The twins had some cells with two X chromosomes, indicating a three-way division during development.
  • Researchers found only one other case of semi-identical twins in medical literature, highlighting the rarity of this type of fertilization.
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