CELL BIOLOGY - GCSE Biology (AQA Topic B1)
Science Shorts・7 minutes read
Cells have intricate structures that can be viewed with electron microscopes, revealing details like DNA location and organelles in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Cell processes like mitosis, diffusion, and osmosis can be studied through practical experiments showcasing concepts like cell duplication, molecule movement, and active transport methods in different environments and scenarios.
Insights
- Electron microscopes provide higher resolution than light microscopes, allowing for detailed visualization of subcellular structures and accurate measurement of cell size based on magnification.
- Bacteria reproduce through binary fission at a rapid rate, with experiments utilizing agar plates and aseptic techniques for growth studies, showcasing the importance of understanding cell division mechanisms in microbiology.
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Recent questions
How do electron microscopes differ from light microscopes?
Electron microscopes reveal finer details of subcellular structures.
What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus containing DNA.
How do bacteria multiply?
Bacteria multiply by binary fission, doubling every 10 minutes.
What is mitosis?
Mitosis is the process of cell duplication.
How do diffusion and osmosis differ?
Diffusion involves movement of molecules across membranes.
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Summary
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Cell Structure, Reproduction, and Transport Processes Explained
- Cells can be seen with a light microscope, but electron microscopes reveal finer details of subcellular structures, allowing for better resolution and calculation of cell size based on magnification.
- Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus containing DNA, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and have DNA in a plasmid; both types contain similar organelles like mitochondria, ribosomes, and cell membranes.
- Bacteria multiply by binary fission, doubling every 10 minutes, with practical experiments involving culture growth on agar in a Petri dish using aseptic techniques and antibiotic testing.
- Mitosis is the process of cell duplication, with specialized cells depending on their function, stem cells being unspecialized, and cloning being used for various purposes.
- Diffusion and osmosis involve the movement of molecules across membranes, with practical experiments using potato cylinders in sugar solutions to demonstrate osmosis and the concept of active transport for moving substances against a concentration gradient.
