All of Edexcel BIOLOGY Paper 1 in 30 minutes - GCSE Science Revision

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Edexcel GCSE Biology Paper 1 covers various topics including cell structures, enzyme functions, osmosis, stem cells, genetic information, and evolution. It also addresses genetic modification, gene expression, and the nervous system in detail.

Insights

  • Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus containing DNA, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and have DNA in a plasmid, showcasing a fundamental difference in cellular structure.
  • Enzymes like amylase, proteases, and lipases break down molecules into smaller ones for absorption, with enzyme activity being temperature-dependent until denaturation, highlighting the intricate processes involved in cellular function and regulation.

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Recent questions

  • What are the main topics covered in Edexcel GCSE Biology Paper 1?

    The main topics covered in Edexcel GCSE Biology Paper 1 include Cells and control, genetics, natural selection, genetic modification, and health, disease, and medicines.

  • How do enzymes function in cells?

    Enzymes like amylase, proteases, and lipases break down molecules into smaller ones for absorption in cells. Enzyme activity increases with temperature until denaturation occurs, affecting the active site.

  • What is osmosis and what factors influence it?

    Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a membrane. It is influenced by factors such as concentration, temperature, and surface area.

  • What are the components of the nervous system?

    The nervous system includes the central nervous system (CNS), peripheral nervous system (PNS), receptors, neurons, synapses, and glands for chemical production.

  • How do genes control characteristics in organisms?

    Genes control characteristics in organisms, with some being controlled by a single gene like color blindness. Characteristics are usually dependent on multiple genes interacting, with dominant and recessive alleles determining expression.

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Summary

00:00

"GCSE Biology: Cells, Enzymes, Organelles, and More"

  • Edexcel GCSE Biology Paper 1 covers topics 1 to 5: Cells and control, genetics, natural selection, genetic modification, and health, disease, and medicines.
  • Cells can be seen with a light microscope, but subcellular structures require an electron microscope for finer details.
  • Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus containing DNA, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and have DNA in a plasmid.
  • Organelles like mitochondria, ribosomes, chloroplasts, and vacuoles have specific functions in cells.
  • Enzymes like amylase, proteases, and lipases break down molecules into smaller ones for absorption.
  • Enzyme activity increases with temperature until denaturation occurs, affecting the active site.
  • Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a membrane, influenced by concentration, temperature, and surface area.
  • Stem cells can be used for medical treatments, but ethical considerations arise, especially in cloning.
  • The nervous system includes the CNS, PNS, receptors, neurons, synapses, and glands for chemical production.
  • The eye's structure, including the lens, ciliary muscles, pupil, cornea, retina, rods, and cones, affects vision.

13:45

Genetic Information, Mutations, and Evolution Explained

  • mRNA carries genetic information from the nucleus to ribosomes for protein synthesis.
  • Harmful mutations can alter genes, affecting protein function.
  • Some DNA influences gene expression without directly coding for proteins, known as epigenetics.
  • Genes control characteristics, with some being controlled by a single gene like color blindness.
  • Characteristics are usually dependent on multiple genes interacting, with dominant and recessive alleles determining expression.
  • Punnett squares can predict offspring traits based on parental alleles.
  • Evolution involves random variation in offspring, leading to better adaptation to the environment.
  • Genetic modification allows for altering organisms' characteristics, like producing insulin in bacteria.
  • Fossils are remains of organisms, with minerals replacing organic material to preserve their shape.
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