3020 Lecture 13
Amber Stokes・2 minutes read
Hormones come in three major classes - peptides and proteins, amino acid derivatives, and steroids, each with specific effects on various targets in the body, such as growth, reproduction, and stress responses. The pituitary gland, divided into anterior and posterior parts, releases hormones like ADH and oxytocin, regulating functions like urine production and uterine contractions, with oxytocin also influencing reproductive behavior and emotional connections.
Insights
- Hormones can be classified into three major classes: peptides and proteins, amino acid derivatives, and steroids, each with distinct functions and effects on the body's systems.
- The posterior pituitary gland receives neurohormones like ADH and oxytocin from the hypothalamus, with ADH regulating urine volume to retain water and oxytocin stimulating uterine contractions during childbirth, showcasing the gland's crucial role in maintaining fluid balance and reproductive functions.
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Recent questions
What are the three major classes of hormones?
Peptides and proteins, amino acid derivatives, and steroids.
How do hormones impact non-endocrine targets?
By activating receptors in structures like muscles, bones, and skin.
What are the two categories of hormones based on solubility?
Hydrophilic (water-soluble) and lipophilic (fat-soluble).
What are the functions of the anterior and posterior pituitary glands?
The anterior produces essential hormones, while the posterior receives neurohormones.
What are the roles of oxytocin in the body?
Stimulating milk ejection, uterine contractions, and reproductive behavior.