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КВАНТОВЫЙ КОМПЬЮТЕР: ТОЛЬКО 3% ЛЮДЕЙ ЭТО ПОНИМАЮТ | ФОРМАТ

Droider・64 minutes read

Quantum computers use qubits to perform complex tasks efficiently, utilizing superposition and entanglement properties. They have the potential to revolutionize problem-solving, with applications in various industries and advancements like surpassing supercomputers in specific tasks showing progress.

Insights

Quantum computers utilize superposition and entanglement properties of qubits to perform complex tasks more efficiently than classical computers, showcasing their potential for faster problem-solving and revolutionizing optimization problems.
Quantum technology, including post-quantum cryptography and secure communication networks, presents solutions to encryption threats posed by quantum computing and offers societal benefits in fields like medicine and energy production.

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Recent questions

What are qubits in quantum computing?
Qubits are a generalized form of bits that can exist in superposition states on a sphere, described using polar coordinates.
How do quantum computers perform searches in databases?
Quantum logic allows for non-sequential searches by creating superpositions of all possible queries to quickly identify the correct answer.
What is the potential of quantum computing?
Quantum computing's potential lies in processing multiple possibilities simultaneously for faster and more efficient problem-solving.
How do quantum computers manipulate qubits?
Quantum gates manipulate qubits through operations like rotations and controlled negations, forming the basis for quantum algorithms.
What is post-quantum cryptography?
Post-quantum cryptography involves new mathematical algorithms to counter the threat posed by quantum computing to encryption.

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Summary

00:00

Quantum Computing: Superposition, Entanglement, and Efficiency

Quantum computers involve qubits, which are a generalized form of bits that can exist in superposition states on a sphere, described using polar coordinates.
Understanding quantum computers is challenging due to the counterintuitive nature of quantum physics principles like superposition and entanglement.
Quantum computers utilize superposition and entanglement properties of qubits to perform complex tasks more efficiently than classical computers.
Logical qubits are created by duplicating qubits to reduce errors caused by external interactions, making them less error-prone.
Scaling quantum systems to combine thousands of qubits into logical qubits is difficult due to the intricate manipulation of individual particles or superconducting chips.
Quantum logic allows for non-sequential searches in databases by creating superpositions of all possible queries to quickly identify the correct answer.
Quantum algorithms can significantly reduce the number of queries needed to find specific elements in a structured database compared to classical methods.
An intuitive example of quantum search involves creating clones to simultaneously search for information, speeding up the process significantly.
Quantum computing's potential lies in its ability to process multiple possibilities simultaneously, leading to faster and more efficient problem-solving.
Quantum computing's practical applications include complex problem-solving tasks that would be time-consuming or impossible for classical computers to perform.

14:42

Quantum Computing: Power and Efficiency in Technology

Parallelization of processes in quantum computing allows for simultaneous execution of multiple operations at once, unlike classical computers that follow separate paths.
Superposition and entanglement enable quantum computers to explore multiple paths simultaneously, akin to water flowing through a maze to find the right path.
Quantum computers use quantum operations to process information, with results being averaged over multiple iterations to ensure accuracy.
Quantum oracle systems store information in a compressed, disordered database, providing a quantum analogue of logical elements for efficient data retrieval.
Hash functions like sha-256 create fixed-length outputs for any input, making it challenging to find collisions, crucial for tasks like cryptocurrency mining.
Quantum hash functions process superpositions of all possible requests simultaneously, significantly speeding up search procedures.
Quantum entanglement allows for interconnected qubits to influence each other's states, enhancing computational power and efficiency.
Quantum gates manipulate qubits through operations like rotations and controlled negations, forming the basis for quantum algorithms.
Quantum volume measures the effectiveness of a quantum computer based on the number of qubits and the accuracy of operations, determining its computational power.
Quantum computers, like Google's 53-qubit processor, demonstrate quantum superiority in solving complex mathematical and applied problems, showcasing the potential of quantum technology.

29:33

Advancements in Quantum Computing Technology

Quantum operations on 20-30 qubits offer high precision, but the 256-volume atoms' quantum operations are challenging to replicate.
Xanadu, a Canadian startup, showcased a chip outperforming classic supercomputers in specific math problems, indicating progress.
Google's quantum computer demonstrated faster problem-solving than all supercomputers combined, emphasizing quantum superiority.
Quantum computers are not yet commercially available, with Google investing tens to hundreds of millions in quantum technology.
Quantum computers may not impact gaming currently, but future applications in industries like oil or automotive are plausible.
Quantum principles are already utilized in mobile technologies, such as quantum random number generators in smartphones.
Quantum computers are envisioned to excel in quantum chemistry and material modeling, offering exponential acceleration over classical supercomputers.
Quantum computers' potential was initially explored in the 80s, gaining mass interest after Peter Shor's work on prime factor decomposition.
Quantum computers could revolutionize optimization problems, potentially enhancing industrial processes and machine learning.
Quantum programming involves mapping logical operations into hardware impulses, with ongoing efforts to simplify programming interfaces for users.

43:44

"Quantum Computing: Supercooling for Superconducting Chips"

Superconducting chips require extremely low temperatures close to absolute zero, around several tens of milliKelvin, to minimize noise and exhibit superconductor properties.
Cooling of the chip is maintained at temperatures close to absolute zero throughout the year to ensure optimal functioning.
The low temperatures are essential for creating qubits and enabling quantum computing on superconducting circuits.
A strong environment free from interference is crucial for the chip's operation, necessitating a large refrigerator-like setup with powerful cooling systems and numerous wires.
The quantum computer on superconductor circuits requires a complex cooling system and precise electrical impulses for operation.
Quantum computing poses a threat to encryption due to its potential to quickly solve complex cryptographic algorithms.
Post-quantum cryptography involves new mathematical algorithms to counter the threat posed by quantum computing to encryption.
Quantum communication involves encoding bits into separate quantum objects for secure transmission, with any interference leading to an increase in error levels.
Quantum technology is already being implemented globally for secure communication and encryption, with China leading in quantum communication networks.
Quantum computers offer the ability to model physical phenomena impossible to simulate on classical computers, enabling detailed understanding and optimization of complex systems like batteries.

58:15

Advancements in Quantum Technology and Applications

In quantum systems, particles are isolated to prevent interference, enhancing coherence time and simplifying calculations.
Entanglement between ions is facilitated by small vibrations within traps, allowing for communication.
Observing ions post-operation is typically done using sensitive cameras or photomultipliers to detect their state.
Cooling quantum systems to near absolute zero is crucial for their operation, with liquid helium commonly used for this purpose.
Quantum communication technologies aim to transmit information securely over long distances, overcoming photon loss issues.
Quantum entanglement can be utilized to extend the range of cryptographic keys, enhancing security in communications.
Quantum sensors can improve global positioning systems and computer performance, integrating classical technologies with quantum advancements.
Quantum computers are advancing rapidly, with milestones like surpassing supercomputers in certain tasks indicating progress.
Practical applications of quantum computing, such as in medicine or energy production, hold promise for societal benefits.
Quantum technologies, like post-quantum cryptography, offer solutions to potential threats from quantum computers, emphasizing their positive impact on society.

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